 |
|
|
|
|
Pazifischer Feuerring
Unter dem Pazifischen Feuerring (auch zirkumpazifischer Feuerring oder Feuergürtel) versteht man einen Vulkangürtel, der den Pazifischen Ozean umgibt. Der Pazifische Feuerring besteht größtenteils aus einer Reihe von Inselbögen, wie z. B. den Aleuten, den Kurilen oder den japanischen Ryūkyū-Inseln. Allein auf die westpazifischen Inselbögen entfallen 45% aller Vulkane der Erde. Sie setzen sich fort über die Marianen, die Philippinen, Neuguinea, die Salomonen und die Neuen Hebriden. Der Vulkangürtel setzt sich an den Westrändern Nord- und Südamerikas fort, und bezieht auch die Antarktis ein (vgl. Mount Erebus). An der Westküste Amerikas spielen sich rund 17% aller weltweiten vulkanischen Vorgänge ab. Diese Linie reger Vulkantätigkeit umspannt nahezu die gesamte Pazifische Platte, an deren umlaufendem Rand durch Plattentektonik Subduktionsvorgänge initiiert werden, die Schwächezonen in der Lithosphäre erzeugen, so dass der Aufstieg von flüssigem Magma begünstigt wird...
Quelle: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pazifischer_Feuerring
|
|
|
|
Pacific Ring of Fire
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions encircling the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. Ninety percent of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire. The next most seismic region (5–6% of earthquakes and 17% of the world's largest earthquakes) is the Alpide belt which extends from Java to Sumatra through the Himalayas, the Mediterranean, and out into the Atlantic. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is the third most prominent earthquake belt. The Ring of Fire is a direct result and consequence of plate tectonics and the movement and collisions of crustal plates. The eastern section of the ring is the result of the Nazca Plate and the Cocos Plate being subducted beneath the westward moving South American Plate. A portion of the Pacific Plate along with the small Juan de Fuca Plate are being subducted beneath the North American Plate. Along the northern portion the northwestward moving Pacific plate is being subducted beneath the Aleutian Islands arc. Further west the Pacific plate is being subducted along the Kamchatka Peninsula arcs on south past Japan. The southern portion is more complex with a number of smaller tectonic plates in collision with the Pacific plate from the Mariana Islands, the Philippines, Bougainville, Tonga, and New Zealand. Indonesia lies between the Ring of Fire along the northeastern islands adjacent to and including New Guinea and the Alpide belt along the south and west from Sumatra, Java, Bali, Flores, and Timor. The famous and very active San Andreas Fault zone of California is a transform fault which offsets a portion of the East Pacific Rise under southwestern United States and Mexico. The motion of the fault generates numerous small earthquakes, at multiple times a day, most of which are too small to be felt. The active Queen Charlotte Fault is a transform fault on the west coast of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. It has generated three large earthquakes during the 20th century: a magnitude 7 event in 1929, a magnitude 8.1 occurred in 1949 (Canada's largest recorded earthquake) and a magnitude 7.4 in 1970. The December 2004 earthquake just off the coast of Sumatra was actually a part of the Alpide belt...
source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Ring_of_Fire
|
|
|
Cinturón de Fuego del Pacífico
El Cinturón de Fuego ubicado en el Océano Pacífico abarca las costas de Chile, Perú, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, todos los países centroamericanos, México, los Estados Unidos, Canadá, luego dobla a la altura de las Islas Aleutianas y baja por las costas de China y Japón. A su vez, el Océano Pacífico tiene diferentes placas oceánicas que están en constante fricción y producen acumulación de tensión. En un momento dado, esa tensión se libera y origina terremotos en los países mencionados; Además, concentra una actividad volcánica constante sobre todo en América Central...
Fuente: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cintur%C3%B3n_de_Fuego_del_Pac%C3%ADfico
|
|
|
